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语言学与应用语言学百科全书词典
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对立1 contrast 指能够出现在相同环境中、并且能够区别意义的单位之间的聚合关系。在音系学中，对立指能够出现在相同环境并且能够区别意义的音段之间的聚合关系，具有对立关系的音段被视为不同的音位。例如，英语中的/pɪg/“猪”和/bɪg/“大”，音节首音/p/和/b/所处的语音环境相同，但在［浊音性］（［VOICE］）这一特征上对立，因此是两个不同的音段。
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