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tough adjective | verb | noun | adverb
 1 
tough / tQf ; tQf /adjective
tougher, toughest
1. DIFFICULT 困难的, difficult to do or deal with难办的,棘手的,费力的:
It was a tough race.比赛很艰苦。
She's had a tough life.她的生活十分艰辛。
The company admitted that it had been a tough year.该公司承认那是艰难的一年。
Tough decisions will have to be made.必须作出艰难的决定。
The reporters were asking a lot of tough questions .记者们问了很多难以回答的问题。
have a tough time (of it) ( = face a lot of difficult problems )日子很难过
The family has had a tough time of it these last few months.最近几个月这家人日子很难熬。
it's tough doing sth
It's tough being married to a cop.嫁给一个警察日子不好过。
be tough on sb ( = cause problems for someone or make their life difficult )使某人日子很难过
Having to stay indoors all day is tough on a kid.对于小孩子来说整天呆在家里是很难熬的。
It was a tough call (=a difficult decision), but we had to cancel the game because of the weather.那是一个艰难的决定,但是天气不好我们只好取消比赛。
I find his books pretty tough going (=difficult to read) .我发现他的书很难读。
Gage predicted the president's proposal would be a tough sell (=something that is difficult to persuade someone about) before Congress. AmE盖奇预言总统的提议在国会很难通过。
when the going gets tough (the tough get going) informal ( = used to say that when a situation becomes difficult, strong people take the necessary action to deal with it )艰难之路唯勇者行
2. STRONG PERSON 坚强的人, physically or emotionally strong and able to deal with difficult situations坚强的,顽强的; 能吃苦耐劳的:
The men who work on the oil rigs are a tough bunch.在石油钻塔上工作的都是吃苦耐劳的人。
tough cookie / customer informal ( = someone who is very determined to do what they want and not what other people want )很难对付的家伙
as tough as nails / as tough as old boots ( = very tough )非常坚强的; 能吃大苦的
He's as tough as nails – a good man to have on the team.他是个很坚韧的人 — 队里有他真好。
3. STRONG MATERIAL 坚固的材料, not easily broken or made weaker结实的,不易破损的; 坚固的:
tough, durable plastic坚韧耐用的塑料
a very tough, hard-wearing cloth非常结实、耐磨损的布料
4. STRICT / FIRM 严格的/坚定的, very strict or firm严厉的; 强硬的:
[+ on / with ]
My mother was very tough on my sister.我母亲对我姐姐十分严厉。
It's time to get tough with drunk drivers.是该严格处理酒后驾车的司机了。
The EU is taking a tough line with the UK over this issue.欧盟在这一问题上对英国采取了强硬的态度。
5. VIOLENT AREA 暴力地区, a tough part of a town has a lot of crime or violence〔城区〕暴力犯罪多发的,治安很差的:
tough neighborhood / area / part of town etc
a tough area of Chicago芝加哥治安很差的一个地区
6. tough! / that's tough! spokenused when you do not have any sympathy with someone活该!:
'I'm getting wet.' 'Tough! You should've brought your umbrella.'“我淋湿了。”“活该! 你应该带雨伞的。”
She didn't tell us she was coming, so if this screws up her plans that's just tough.她没有告诉我们她要来,所以,如果这打乱了她的计划,也是活该。
7. tough luck! spoken
a. used when you do not have any sympathy for someone's problems活该倒霉!:
Well, that's just their tough luck! It was their mistake.好啊,活该他们倒霉! 那是他们自己的错。
b. BrEused when you feel sympathy about something bad that has happened to someone真倒霉!〔表示同情〕:
You didn't get the job? Oh, tough luck!你没有得到那份工作? 噢,真不走运!
8. tough shit! spoken not politeused when you do not have any sympathy for someone's problems活该!
9. VIOLENT PERSON 粗暴的人, likely to behave violently and having no gentle qualities粗暴的,凶恶的:
one of football's most notorious tough guys 足球界一个声名狼藉的恶棍
tough young thugs looking for trouble到处滋事的年轻暴徒
10. FOOD 食物, difficult to cut or eat切不下的; 咬不动的; 不嫩的,老的;ANTtender
The meat was tough and hard to chew.这肉太老,很难嚼。
the tough outer leaves of the cabbage洋白菜外面那几层老菜叶
11. tough love a way of helping someone to change their behaviour by treating them in a kind but strict way〔为帮助某人改变行为而采取的〕严格的爱,恩威并施
toughly adv.
toughness noun U
 2 
toughverb
 PHRASAL VERBS 
tough sth ↔ out
to deal with a difficult situation by being determined, rather than leaving or changing your decision
渡过〔难关〕,从〔困境〕中挺过来:
She told herself to be brave and tough it out .她告诉自己要勇敢地坚持下去。

 3 
toughnoun Cold-fashioned
1. someone who often behaves in a violent way暴徒,恶棍
 4 
toughadverb
1. in a way that shows you are very determined坚强地,坚定地:
Washington played tough in the second half of the game.华盛顿队在比赛的下半场表现得十分顽强。
You're talking tough now but you wait until you get into the interview.你现在嘴硬,等到你面试时就知道了。

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