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CET-4 CET-6 考研 TOEFL BNC: 1671 COCA: 3843
sum noun | verb
 1 
sum / sQm ; sQm /noun C
1. MONEY 钱, an amount of money金额，款项:
•He owes me a large sum of money .他欠我一大笔钱。
[+ of ]
•the sum of ￡4000那笔 4000 英镑的款项
large / substantial / considerable etc sum
•Bill wants to spend a large sum on modernizing the farm.比尔想花一大笔钱将农场现代化。
small / modest / trifling etc sum少量的钱
for a large / small etc sum
•We should be happy to buy it for a modest sum.要是能花不太多的钱就把它买下来，我们会很高兴。
⇒LUMP SUM
⇒princely sum at PRINCELY(1)
2. the sum of sth the total produced when you add two or more numbers or amounts together和; 总和，总数:
•You will have to pay the sum of the two sets of costs.你得支付那两笔费用。
3. greater / more / better etc than the sum of its parts having a quality or effectiveness as a group that you would not expect from the quality of each member（总体的作用）大于部分之和，个体相加不如集体的力量大:
•The team is greater than the sum of its parts.球队只有团结起来才最强大。
4. CALCULATION 计算, a simple calculation by adding, multiplying, dividing etc, especially one done by children at school简单的计算，算术〔尤指小学生的加减乘除运算〕
5. do your sums informal BrEto calculate whether you have enough money to do something算一算是否有足够的钱做某事:
•Do your sums first before you decide how much to spend.算一算再决定要花多少钱。
6. in sum formalused before a statement that gives the main information about something in a few simple words总之，简而言之:
•In sum, soul music is important to the record industry.总之，对唱片业来说灵乐十分重要。
⇒SUM TOTAL
 2 
sumverb
summed, summing
 PHRASAL VERBS 
sum up
1. to give the main information in a report, speech etc in a short statement at the end概括，总结，概述;SYNsummarize
•Gerald will open the debate and I will sum up.杰拉尔德将第一个开始辩论，而我将进行总结。
to sum up
•To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking.概括地说，要有个健康的心脏，你必须经常锻炼并戒烟。
sum sth ↔ up
•In your final paragraph, sum up your argument.在最后一段，归结一下你的论点。
2. when a judge sums up or sums up the case at the end of a TRIAL , he or she explains the main facts of the case〔法官在庭审结束前〕总结〔案情〕
⇒SUMMING-UP
3. sum sth ↔ up to describe something using only a few words简而言之:
•The city's problem can be summed up in three words: too many people.这座城市的问题简而言之就三个字: 人太多。
4. sum sth ↔ up to show the most typical qualities of someone or something说明…的典型特征:
•That image sums up the whole film.那幅画面概括了影片的全部内容。
5. sum sb / sth ↔ up to form a judgment or opinion about someone or something对某人/某事物作出判断; 对某人/某事物形成意见:
•Pat summed up the situation at a glance.帕特一眼就看清了当时的情势。
6. that (about) sums it up spokenused to say that a description of a situation is correct主要情况就是这样:
•'So you want us to help you change but you don't believe change is possible?' 'That about sums it up.'“这么说你想让我们帮助你改变，却又觉得不可能改变，是吧？”“就是这个意思。”

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