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CET-4 CET-6 考研 TOEFL IELTS GRE BNC: 5968 COCA: 5494
scrape verb | noun
 1 
scrape / skrep ; skreIp /verb
1. Tto remove something from a surface using the edge of a knife, a stick etc〔用小刀等〕刮除:
•Scrape the carrots and slice them thinly.把这些胡萝卜去皮切成薄片。
scrape sth away / off
•The earth was scraped away to uncover a trap door.把土刮掉后露出了活板门。
scrape sth off / into etc sth
•Teresa scraped the mud off her boots.特雷莎把靴子上的泥巴刮掉。
•The two of them scraped their dishes clean .他们两个把盘子擦得干干净净。
⇒picture on page A3
2. I,T always + adv / prepto rub against a rough surface in a way that causes slight damage or injury, or to make something do this（使）摩擦，擦伤; 刮坏;
⇒graze:
•The coat was too long; the hem scraped the pavement.大衣太长，下摆都拖到人行道上了。
[+ against / on etc ]
•I heard the side of the car scrape against the wall.我听到汽车的侧面蹭着墙了。
scrape sth against / on sth
•I scraped my knee painfully on the concrete.我的膝盖蹭到混凝土上，很痛。
3. I,Tto make a noise by rubbing roughly against a surface（使）发出刺耳的刮擦声:
•Chairs scraped loudly as they stood up.他们站起来时椅子拖地的声音刺耳无比。
scrape (sth) on / down / against sth
•He opened the gate quietly, trying not to let it scrape on the gravel.他轻轻地打开大门，尽量不让它刮到碎石。
4. scrape home especially BrEto win a race, election, or competition by a very small amount〔在赛跑、选举、竞赛中〕险胜:
•The Tories may scrape home, but it's unlikely.保守党也许会险胜，但可能性不大。
5. scrape (the bottom of) the barrel informalto have to use something even though it is not very good, because there is nothing better available将就，凑合:
•It was clear that the party was scraping the barrel for competent politicians.很显然，那个政党在降低标准寻找有能力的政治家。
⇒bow and scrape at BOW¹ (5)
⇒scrape / scratch a living at LIVING² (1)
 PHRASAL VERBS 
scrape sth ↔ back
if you scrape your hair back, you pull it away from your face and tie it at the back把〔头发〕拢在后面:
•Her blonde hair was scraped back into a ponytail.她的金发拢在后面扎成一个马尾辫。
scrape by
1. to have just enough money to live勉强维持生活，勉强糊口:
•We can scrape by, thanks to what we grow ourselves.多亏了我们自己种的东西，我们还能勉强维持生活。
2. to only just succeed in passing an examination or dealing with a difficult situation勉强通过（考试）; 勉强克服（困难）
scrape in
to only just succeed in getting a job, a place at university, a position in government etc勉强通过（考试）; 勉强获得（一份工作、一个大学或政府职位等）:
•Labour scraped in by a small majority.工党以微弱的优势勉强当选。
•He just scraped into college.他勉强进了大学。
scrape through (sth)phr v
1. to only just succeed in passing an examination or dealing with a difficult situation勉强通过〔考试〕; 勉强应付〔困境〕:
•I managed to scrape through the exam.我勉强通过了考试。
scrape sth ↔ together / up
to get enough money for a particular purpose, when this is difficult〔为某目的〕勉强筹集，凑足〔钱款〕:
•She scraped together the last of her savings.她凑拢自己最后的那点积蓄。
•They could hardly scrape up enough money for the train fare.他们几乎连火车票的钱都凑不齐。
 2 
scrapenoun
1. Ca mark or slight injury caused by rubbing against a rough surface擦伤，擦痕;SYNgraze
•I came away from the accident with only cuts and scrapes.这次事故我只受了点皮外伤。
2. Cinformala situation in which you are in trouble or have difficulties困境，窘境; 麻烦:
•He got into all sorts of scrapes as a boy.他小时候闯过各种各样的祸。
3. sing.the noise made when one surface rubs roughly against another刮擦声:
[+ of ]
•He heard the scrape of chairs being dragged across the floor.他听到椅子从地板上拖过去的刮擦声。

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