- [countable + singular or plural verb]
a part or share of a whole 部分；份额 Water covers a large proportion of the earth's surface. 水覆盖了地球表面的大部分。 Loam is a soil with roughly equal proportions of clay, sand and silt. 壤土是由大约等份的黏土、沙和粉砂合成的。 The proportion of regular smokers increases with age. 习惯吸烟的人口比重随年龄的增长而上升。 A significant proportion of the books have been translated from other languages. 这些书中有很大一部分已从其他语言翻译而来。 A higher proportion of Americans go on to higher education than is the case in Britain. 美国人上大学的比例大于英国。
Grammar Point proportionproportion- If proportion is used with an uncountable or a singular noun, the verb is generally singular:
proportion 与不可数名词或单数名词连用时，动词一般用单数 ：A proportion of the land is used for agriculture. 一部分土地作农用。
- If the proportion of is used with a plural countable noun, or a singular noun that represents a group of people, the verb is usually singular, but with a (large, small, etc.) proportion of a plural verb is often used, especially in British English:
The proportion of small cars on America’s roads is increasing. 美国公路上小型车的比例在逐渐增加。 A high proportion of five-year-olds have teeth in poor condition 五岁儿童牙齿不健康的比例高。
Extra ExamplesThe chart shows government spending expressed as a proportion of national income. 这幅图表说明了政府开支在国民收入中所占的比重。 The unskilled section of the working class was diminishing as a proportion of the workforce. 劳动力中非熟练工人的人数正在减少。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- appreciable
- considerable
- good
- …
- calculate
- estimate
- express something as
- …
- grow
- increase
- rise
- …
- [uncountable]
the relationship of one thing to another in size, amount, etc. 比例；倍数关系 - proportion of something to something
The proportion of men to women in the college has changed dramatically over the years. 近年来，这个学院的男女学生比例出现了剧变。 - in the proportion…
The basic ingredients are limestone and clay in the proportion 2:1. 基本成分是石灰石和黏土，比例为 2:1。 - in proportion to something
The room is very long in proportion to (= relative to) its width. 这房间的长度比宽度大很多。
Language Bank proportionproportionDescribing fractions and proportions 描述分数和份额 According to this pie chart, a third of students’ leisure time is spent watching TV. 如饼分图所示，学生的闲暇时间有三分之一都花在看电视上。
One in five hours is/are spent socializing. 每五个小时中有一个小时花在社交活动上。
Socializing accounts for/makes up/comprises about 20 per cent of leisure time. 社交占休闲时间的20％。
Students spend twice as much time playing computer games as doing sport. 学生们玩电脑游戏的时间是做运动时间的两倍。
Three times as many hours are spent playing computer games as reading. 玩电脑游戏的时间是阅读时间的三倍。
The figure for playing computer games is three times higher than the figure for reading. 玩电脑游戏的时间比阅读时间多两倍。
The largest proportion of time is spent playing computer games. 大部分时间都花在玩电脑游戏上。
Extra ExamplesThe cost of insurance increases in proportion to the performance of the car. 汽车的性能越好，保险费用就越高。 The human population in the region is expanding in inverse proportion to the wildlife. 这个地区的人口在膨胀，而野生生物的数量却在减少。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- correct
- direct
- inverse
- …
- keep something in
- in proportion (to)
- out of proportion (to)
- proportion of something to something
- …
- be blown, exaggerated, etc. out of all proportion
- be blown, exaggerated, etc. out of proportion
- a sense of proportion
- …
- proportion of something to something
- [uncountable, countable, usually plural]
the correct relationship in size, degree, importance, etc. between one thing and another or between the parts of a whole 正确的比例；均衡；匀称 - in proportion (to something)
You haven't drawn the figures in the foreground in proportion. 你的前景人物画得不合比例。 - out of proportion (with something)
The head is out of proportion with the body. 头部和身体不成比例。 an impressive building with fine proportions 比例协调的雄伟建筑物 There is an entrance hall of perfect proportions, twice as long as it is wide. 有一处比例堪称完美的门廊，长是宽的两倍。 - (figurative)
Always try to keep a sense of proportion (= of the relative importance of different things). 事有轻重缓急之分，这要常记在心。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- correct
- direct
- inverse
- …
- keep something in
- in proportion (to)
- out of proportion (to)
- proportion of something to something
- …
- be blown, exaggerated, etc. out of all proportion
- be blown, exaggerated, etc. out of proportion
- a sense of proportion
- …
- in proportion (to something)
- proportions[plural]
the measurements of something; its size and shape 面积；体积；规模；程度 This method divides the task into more manageable proportions. 这个方法把要完成的任务划分成较易操作的步骤。 a food shortage that could soon reach crisis proportions 可能会很快达到危机程度的粮食短缺 a room of fairly generous proportions 相当宽敞的屋子
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- biblical
- enormous
- epic
- …
- reach
- [uncountable]
the equal relationship between two pairs of numbers, as in the statement ‘4 is to 8 as 6 is to 12’ 等比关系；比例
part of whole部分
relationship关系
size/shape大小；形状
mathematics数学
Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French, from Latin proportio(n-), from pro portione ‘in respect of (its or a person's) share’.
Idioms
keep something in proportion
to react to something in a sensible way and not think it is worse or more serious than it really is 恰当地处事；看待事物恰如其分 The problem of hooliganism should be kept in proportion. Only a small number of young people act in this way. 流氓问题应按比例进行。只有少数年轻人以这种方式行事。
out of (all) proportion (to something)
larger, more serious, etc. in relation to something than is necessary or appropriate 不相称；不协调 They earn salaries out of all proportion to their ability. 他们挣的工资与其能力不相称。 The media have blown the incident up out of all proportion. 媒体大肆渲染这件事。
Extra ExamplesThe costs of the plan are out of proportion to the budget available. 计划的成本与现有的预算不成比例。 The problem has been exaggerated out of all proportion. 问题被过分夸大了。